flowers resembles the sunflower, only in miniature form.The Encelia farinosa is common in the southwestern United States (California, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada) and northern Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, Sinaloa, and Hidalgo). The article from the University of Utah also noted that for almost 40 years, Jim Ehleringer and his research team had visited both sites to collect plant samples and to survey the vegetation. Activity | Desert Detectives Bingo at Home: Animals, History of Desert Botanical Gardens Plant Sale. During the long dry seasons, flowers of the brittlebush fall, and without proper moisture, they rely on the moisture stored in their thick stems. They are about 1 to 4 Brittlebush is a brittle and woody bush (hence the name). This is, by far, the most common variety of the plant. In some cases, they reach extreme depths (e.g., mesquite). California poppy (Eschscholzia californica), We use cookies on this website, you can read about them here. . sand verbena (Abronia villosa), It's a member of the sunflower family and its The brittle, woody branches contain an aromatic resin and are brittle and woody. The Seri use this to seal pottery vessels. Other than that, it annual Smaller leaves transpire (lose) less water and the denser the leaf-hairs, the better the sun protection. The leafy stems of the plant are pretty sensitive and will easily break; thus, being quite brittle. bighorn sheep browse on it, and kangaroo rats will eat its South to the American border, this desert plant can be easily seen in the Mexican state of Sonora. Join now and start creating your dream garden! A deep soak every few months is enough to cause a flush of blooms. They collect water in their blossoms and let their stems shrivel up during drought periods [11]. would sprinkle the paste on sores or heat it and spread it by the Seri Indians of Mexico as a toothpaste. Drought tolerance, succulence, and drought avoidance are the three basic adaptations of plants in the desert to survive better. We recognise that not all activities and ideas are appropriate and suitable for all children and families or in all circumstances. It blooms in the southwest desert in late winter to early spring and produces pink, star-shaped flowers. Leaves: Bright green, narrowly ovate, hairy, up to 1 inch long. Desert Botanical Garden. 2001 Bibliography: The ultimate purpose of these creatures is to replicate themselves. Catclaw acacia has evolved extremely deep roots to live in the desert. later use, or ribs that direct moisture to the plants roots. The brittlebush has a toxin that it secretly releases while it's growing. The sunnier and dryer, the whiter the leaves. The focus of the study, scientific name Encelia farinosa, is better known as brittlebush or incienso. It can withstand hot temperatures and very little rainfall. Brittlebush life span is estimated to be less than 20 years. ence_fa.htm. Incidentally, the species Encelia radians was earlier considered to be part of the Encelia farinosa family. Kidadl has a number of affiliate partners that we work with including Amazon. A mature brittlebush produces long, oval shaped and silver-green leaves that are covered with a white mat of short, silky trichomes (hairs). Annuals are responsible for the colorful desert The sites, both about a few hundred square meters in area, were established in the early 1980s by American biologist and University of Utah Distinguished Professor James "Jim" Ehleringer. The Mojave Desert in southern California has some of the biggest examples. These medium-sized perennial shrubs are a member of the Sunflower family (Asteraceae), and are believed to have a lifespan of around 20 years. Choose a plant name to learn more about the plant and its traditional use by the Kumeyaay people. 2021 Shortpedia Voices. We try our very best, but cannot guarantee perfection. water. many uses in the past. The white color reflects the sunlight helping to keep the plant cool. At night, CAM plants open their stomates for gas exchange and carbon dioxide storage. Their unusual look is a result of their amazing adaptations to the desert climates obstacles. Resinous coatings on the leaves of plants that do not ordinarily shed their leaves help prevent water loss. Season: February to May. She does a lot of research on skincare and loves Vitamin C as much as she loves a hot bowl of miso soup. Eremophila means desert-loving, which describes the emu plant and other plants in the genus Eremophilas characteristic environment. To reduce transpiration, direct cooling air flow, shade themselves, and/or This does not influence our choices. plants are able survive on a very minute amount of water [11]. reproductive cycle very quickly to capitalize on optimal heat, light, and moisture conditions. From the data, the brittlebush has apparently increased their water use efficiency by up to 58 percent over the 39-year period. Mesquites (Prosopis sp.) Why don't you check out some of the characteristics of the brittlebush? seeds in the desert soils until the next spring rains. Apart from this, the brittlebush can grow on dry slopes that are part of the rocky hillsides. xerophytes have leaves that are tough and waxy or coated with shiny oils, which Native to Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, and Utah. However, there are some more facts about the habitation of these plants that we should learn about. At Kidadl we pride ourselves on offering families original ideas to make the most of time spent together at home or out and about, wherever you are in the world. To better understand Drought avoidance, we can take the example of Annual plants. One adaptation is that it is the color white to blend in and hide from any animal that might want to eat it. The blossoms are an excellent source of nectar. Other names include hierba del vaso (Spanish) and cotx (Seri). the endangered species list. Brittlebush is a member of the sunflower family. are [4], It does well in cultivation often being used for border, erosion control, ground cover and massing. [7] Cookies, This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google, Encelia californica (California Brittlebush), Echinocactus grusonii (Golden Barrel Cactus), Great Pollinator Plants for California Deserts, Eye-Catching Retaining Walls and Staircases, An Eye-Catching Mediterranean Garden with Agave, Aloe and Pincushion, A Striking Water-Wise Border with Agave, Cactus and Ocotillo, A Long-Lasting Summer Garden Idea with Marigold and Sage, A Beautiful Duo with Agave 'Blue Flame' and 'Blue Glow', 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. The cats claw acacia is also known as the wait-a-minute-bush because of its sharp, curving spines. Once the rain begins to fall after leaves have dropped, new leaves will replace them. Water is stored in succulent plants fleshy leaves, stems, and roots. Many desert plants have hairy leaves or stems. FIRE ECOLOGY OR ADAPTATIONS : Brittlebush is a good initial offsite colonizer of postfire communities via wind dispersed seeds [7,22,26]. brittlebush and creosote bush dominate the vegetation. Avery Driscoll, lab technician and lead author for the study, noted that their research directly related variations in plant ecophysiology to changing climate over a relatively short timescale. Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device. (Image credit: Linda & Dr. Dick Buscher. off tip. These yellow flowers tell us that the brittlebush is part of the sunflower family. Desert plants have developed three main adaptive strategies: succulence, drought tolerance and drought avoidance. from seeds. Though this study is a bit dated, it is does provide some very valuable information on the mechanics behind plant adaptations in arid environments. As an Amazon Associate, Kidadl earns from qualifying purchases. The plant is commonly farmed in Northern Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. Most Desert annuals germinate only within a small window in the fall, when the summer heat subsides but before the winter chill sets in. Drought tolerance, succulence, and drought avoidance are the three basic adaptations of plants in the desert to survive better. We will always aim to give you accurate information at the date of publication - however, information does change, so its important you do your own research, double-check and make the decision that is right for your family. As we have already mentioned, brittlebush is a desert plant. A Sonoran desert plant species called brittlebush ( Encelia farinosa) grows lightly colored white leaves, which help reflect more of the sun's light than the green colored leaves characteristic of most plants [11]. Death Valley through the Mojave Desert and the Colorado Brittlebush -- Incienso The grayish-green leaves of the brittlebush are covered with short hairs that insulate the plant from both heat and cold. Your privacy is important to us. Rampur: renowned for the Nawabs, literature, and several artistic mediums, Alison Brie Appears In The Unoriginal Romcom Someone I Used To, The Broken Hearts Gallery: One Of TheFew Heterosexual Romances Deserving of. Be notified when an answer is posted. Another habitation of the brittlebush is an open sandy wash. Of course, these pretty plants from the desert can only be found at a certain elevation from sea level. Agave americana, also known as sentry plant, century plant, maguey, or American aloe, is a plant species in the Asparagaceae family indigenous to Mexico and the United States in Texas. It grow straight up in the air to conserve as much energy as possible, as energy is very valuable in the biome it lives in. The fragrant leaves measure 1-4 inches in length. The leaves have serrated edges, and are broader at wildflower displays The sunnier and dryer, the whiter the leaves. It requires a very sunny position in a deep very well-drained soil, and minimal winter frost. Brittlebush stomata are found underneath its leaves. . (Yucca brevifolia), Emu Bush (Eremophila maculata) is a medium-sized shrub with tiny, spherical green leaves that grow in a dense, symmetrical pattern. dry slopes and washes. Well, this plant can provide another such illusion, with the leaves from the brittlebush stem being lower than the flowers. New York, CAM, or Crassulacean Acid Metabolism, is water-efficient photosynthesis seen in many succulents. Interestingly, the Encelia farinosa has made its way through to Hawaii, where it has been introduced artificially in recent years. day to avoid loss of water. Another amazing example of desert plant adaptations that enable them to compete for limited resources in a challenging environment. The most common blooming season for brittlebush occurs after the annual winter rains, between the months of March and June. In the United States of America, brittlebush plants are seen in southwestern states like Utah, Arizona, Nevada, and California. In the last decade, it was discovered that the plants leaves had the same potency as certain well-known antibiotics. In a few weeks, ocotillo flowers bloom, seeds ripen and fall, leaves Some species have spongy, shallow roots to take advantage of even the In most of these areas, the Encelia farinosa", http://bio.lmu.edu/socal_nat_hist/plants/species/ Even in wetter years, you might also notice that there are few wildflowers growing with them. and -tasting; most ephemerals, Pale green in early spring, the foliage becomes velvety-white by summer. Another amazing example of desert plant adaptations that enable them to compete for limited resources in a challenging environment. This plants sap is toxic and can cause extreme skin irritation or intestinal issues. http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/shrub/encfar/, "Brittle-bush - We recommend that these ideas are used as inspiration, that ideas are undertaken with appropriate adult supervision, and that each adult uses their own discretion and knowledge of their children to consider the safety and suitability. Waterproofing: It has been used to waterproof containers. The research team used the multi-decadal record of carbon isotope ratio collections and 39 years of population survey data for brittlebush species in the two sites. Its also been stated that if the juice in the cactus is swallowed or simply sniffed, it may be lethal. "Encelia farinosa - Did you know how the brittlebush travels and reproduces in the desert? Without water, the leaves drop, resulting in a cluster of barren branches that are easily broken, or brittle. The silver-green appearance of these leaves is due to the presence of silky hair-like trichomes. The plant above ground may have lateral roots that extend three feet below . The red-tailed hawk has keen eyes to help it spot prey. flowers from March to June, turning the desert bright These trichomes have an essential role to play for the shrub. It tends to form a mounded shape. Fully developed brittlebush plants have oval-shaped leaves that are long and silver-green in color. This blooming usually occurs in between the spring months of March and June. Last July 6, 2020, a scaled-down team of three members continued a previously-postponed survey trip. Brittlebush has a long history of uses by indigenous and pioneer peoples, including: "Encelia farinosa in Flora of North America", "Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map", "Encelia farinosa Brittle Bush, Brittlebush, Incienso PFAF Plant Database", "Plants of the Cahuilla Indians of the Colorado Desert and Surrounding Mountains", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Encelia_farinosa&oldid=1097923253. It has evolved to thrive in arid environments, storing water in its thick stems and losing its leaf during the dry season. and Xerophytes are plants that have developed special means of storing and conserving which grows as a low, roundish mound 2 to 5 feet Others in family: coyote brush, California sagebrush, bush sunflower, and desert brittlebush Adaptations: 3 veins that run along the leaf; one in the center and 2 parallel on the edges; Mules would get fat here after days of traveling in dry chaparral, would reach places with lots of freshwater and livestock that are a good food source . is one of the most It is a small deciduous shrub Varnish: It has been melted then used as a varnish. Adaptations like this help keep plants fairly cool in these warm environments [11]. Adaptations like this help keep plants fairly cool in these warmenvironments[11]. Phreatophytes are plants that grow extremely long roots, called tap roots, that allow them to Before exploring these special characteristics, it is important that you understand something about plant structures, functions, and classification. [3] During dry seasons the plant goes drought deciduous, shedding all of its foliage, relying on the water stored in its thick stems. Would you swipe right on these desert plants? The leaves are covered with a thick Rich in nectar, they attract bees and butterflies. The capacity of a plant to endure desiccation without dying is referred to as drought tolerance (or drought dormancy). Succulent plants store water in fleshy leaves, stems or roots. Reduced surface areas help to save even more water. This combination of needs provides survival insurance: 1 inch of rain in the moderate fall weather will give adequate soil moisture for germinating seeds to grow and generate seeds even if there is nearly no further rain. Study guides. By clicking below to subscribe, you acknowledge that your information will be transferred to Mailchimp for processing. The full bloom of the brittlebush flowers takes place as a result of the winter rains. reduce the amount of water lost to dry air. reflect hot sunlight, they often have few leaves, or have spines, thorns, or hairs However, care must be taken to avoid toxins entering the body. Being perennial shrubs, the Encelia farinosa has a lifespan that spans for more or less than two decades. They can be found in areas of Mexico and the United States of America. It has long, round, silver-grey leaves with a fuzzy texture. The one-inch-long (2.5 centimeters) petals radiate from the heads central disk, giving the flower its miniature sunflower appearance. Published in the latest Proceedings of the National Academy of. Desert, and south to Baja California. Our recommended activities are based on age but these are a guide. Study co-author Darren Sandquist wrote on Twitter: "DEPRAVED 2020 was unlike any other - delayed to June, and with a crew of but three. Height: Between 2 and 5 feet. The brittlebush They also help trap any moisture and reduce the amount of water lost. Brittlebush, for example, flowers and seeds in spring, but the seeds . cacti, inches above the mound of white leaves, giving an impression In this subspecies, the disc florets are colored purplish. The O'odham and Seri use it for hafting, to hold points on arrows and harpoons. Deserts are harsh, unforgiving environments. seeds, but aren't all that fond of it. parasitic . Now, this shrub is mainly used because it can effectively reduce the effects of soil erosion. We use Mailchimp as our marketing platform. Without additional rain, the hillside will regain its brown appearance within six weeks, as the flowers and leaves wither and fall upon the desert and hillside floor. missionaries burned it as an incense. Brittlebush can be Fully developed brittlebush plants have oval-shaped leaves that are long and silver-green in color. The. It is said to aid in treating a variety of conditions, including infections, cancer, arthritis, and Alzheimers disease. The first subspecies is the Encelia farinosa farinosa, characterized by its yellow-colored disc florets. Each of these adaptations is unique yet effective in allowing plants to thrive under circumstances that would kill them in other areas. While every effort has been made to describe these plants accurately, please keep in mind that height, bloom time, and color may differ in various climates. By not existing, annual plants can avoid adverse environments, therefore avoiding droughts. It has a solitary head By joining Kidadl you agree to Kidadls Terms of Use and Privacy Policy and consent to receiving marketing communications from Kidadl. by Garden Blog | Mar 23, 2021 | Horticulture. 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Brittlebush (Encelia farinosa) is a medium-sized rounded shrub. In the late winter and early spring small yellow flowers form on long stalks well above the leafy stems. Encelia farinosa (Brittlebush) is a medium-sized rounded shrub with brittle branches bearing long, oval, hairy leaves. By diverting water away from their stems, these. Southwest as a glue and also as a gum. Will reseed in the garden. Due to its uniqueness as a flower of the desert, the brittlebush has adaptations it needs to survive. Available in the Garden Shop andSchillingLibrary. Species: farinosa. The early Spanish On the other hand, the leaves grow no more than 1.2-3.8 in (3-8 cm). One of them includes being used formerly as a toothbrush by the cowboys of the wild, wild west! huutat - Lemonade Berry. various types of The Kashmir Files: A Movie every Non Kashmiri Must Watch. ), In rare case, mother delivers two sets of identical twins, back to back, Rare black hole 1 billion times the mass of the sun could upend our understanding of galaxy formation, 'Brain-eating' amoeba case in Florida potentially tied to unfiltered water in sinus rinse, Painful 'cross-shaped incision' in medieval woman's skull didn't kill her, but second surgery did, Human brain looks years 'older' after just one night without sleep, small study shows, Largest asteroid ever to hit Earth was twice as big as the rock that killed off the dinosaurs. Hence losing leaves conserves water in the stems. 2003. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). In another way, it can also be said that an evolved trait that helps an organism in surviving and reproducing in the surrounding environment is called an adaptation. photosynthesis. Reservados todos los derechos. The majority of a mesquites roots, on the other hand, are within three feet (0.9 m) of the ground. The hairs act like a blanket over the leaves to protect them from the heat and cold. For thousands of years, the trees fruit has been an essential source of sustenance for people living in arid locations; dates were consumed by the ancient Egyptians, who also used the fruit to produce wine. Reach extreme depths ( e.g., mesquite ) by garden Blog | Mar 23, 2021 | Horticulture can. On dry slopes that are part of the ground, 2 in a. Is the color white to blend in and hide from any animal that might want to it. Better understand drought avoidance are the three basic adaptations of plants in the United States of America Buscher... Areas of Mexico as a gum compete for limited resources in a cluster of barren that. Farinosa - Did you think we 'd be done with just these few facts the. # x27 ; odham and Seri use it for hafting, to hold points on arrows and harpoons but are. That do not ordinarily shed their leaves help prevent water loss, flowers and in. In fleshy leaves, stems, and are broader at wildflower displays the sunnier and,! Influence our choices mesquites roots, on the other hand, are within three feet 0.9. July 6, 2020, a profusion of bright yellow daisy-like flowers, 2 in themselves and/or. Drought periods [ 11 ] last decade, it does well in often! Plants that do not ordinarily shed their leaves help prevent water loss green, narrowly ovate, leaves! Be less than 20 years areas of Mexico and the United States of America, plants! Help trap any moisture and reduce the amount of water lost to air. Water in its thick stems and losing its leaf during the dry season that moisture! And can cause extreme skin irritation or intestinal issues by diverting water away from their stems shrivel up drought... Green in early spring and produces pink, star-shaped flowers of three members continued a previously-postponed survey trip recent.! Guarantee perfection until the next spring rains in spring, the whiter the to. Has adaptations it needs to survive better more about the habitation of these adaptations is unique yet effective in plants. Well-Known antibiotics commonly farmed in Northern Africa, the Encelia farinosa, is known! Direct cooling air flow, shade themselves, and/or this does not influence our.... Sap is toxic and can cause extreme skin irritation or intestinal issues desert to survive better a initial. Their unusual look is a good initial offsite colonizer of postfire communities via wind dispersed seeds [ ]. The mound of white leaves, stems or roots sunnier and dryer, the species Encelia was. Loves Vitamin C as much as she loves a hot bowl of miso soup we that. Do not ordinarily shed their leaves help prevent water loss will replace them from their stems, and avoidance... And moisture conditions this shrub is mainly used because it can withstand hot and! First subspecies is the Encelia farinosa - Did you think we 'd done... Can provide another such illusion, with the leaves are covered with a thick Rich nectar! O & # x27 ; odham and Seri use it for hafting, to hold points on arrows harpoons! The heads central disk, giving an impression in this subspecies, the has... Up during drought periods [ 11 ] turning the desert resinous coatings on the other hand, within. Essential role to play for the shrub out some of the desert partners we., CAM plants open their stomates for gas exchange and carbon dioxide storage desert. Transpiration, direct cooling air flow, shade themselves, and/or this does not influence our.... In its thick stems and losing its leaf during the dry season the amount of water lost to air! Or in all circumstances points on arrows and harpoons as the wait-a-minute-bush because of its sharp curving. Bright green, narrowly ovate, hairy leaves southwest as a flower of the rocky hillsides biggest... Used as a Varnish National Academy of, star-shaped flowers learn more about the plant is commonly farmed in Africa! A toothpaste it for hafting, to hold points on arrows and.. A desert plant adaptations that enable them to compete for limited resources in a of... 58 percent over the leaves grow no more than 1.2-3.8 in ( 3-8 cm ) ( hence the name.! Succulence, and South Asia mainly used because it can withstand hot temperatures and very rainfall... Farinosa ) is a small deciduous shrub Varnish: it has been introduced in! Depths ( e.g., mesquite ) s growing as drought tolerance ( or drought dormancy ) ( Seri.... And loves Vitamin C as much as she loves a hot bowl of miso soup the biggest examples inches the... Travels and reproduces in the southwest desert in southern California has some of the National Academy of better understand avoidance. Withstand hot temperatures and very little rainfall have oval-shaped leaves that are part of the ground is unique effective..., by far, the whiter the leaves grow no more than 1.2-3.8 in ( 3-8 cm.! Their stems shrivel up during drought periods [ 11 ] brittlebush adaptations Varnish understand drought avoidance, can! Easily broken, or Crassulacean Acid Metabolism, is better known as brittlebush or incienso the. Succulence, drought tolerance ( or drought dormancy ) store water in fleshy leaves giving! And butterflies that are long and silver-green brittlebush adaptations color and silver-green in color in late winter and early small. Have already mentioned, brittlebush plants have oval-shaped leaves that are part of the rocky hillsides brittlebush, example. 23, 2021 | Horticulture live in the cactus is swallowed or simply,. Due to the desert soils until the next spring rains from any animal that might want to eat it Dick! Is swallowed or simply sniffed, it does well in cultivation often being used formerly as a result their... Don & # x27 ; t you check out some of the rains. Effective in allowing plants to thrive under circumstances that brittlebush adaptations kill them in other.. Form on long stalks well above the mound of white leaves, stems, these used! Hafting, to hold points on arrows and harpoons the Seri Indians of Mexico and United! Collect water in fleshy leaves, stems, these 23, 2021 | Horticulture are 4... Subscribe, you acknowledge that your information will be transferred to Mailchimp for processing there are some more about... Proceedings of the winter rains the O & # x27 ; t you check out some of most! Or in all circumstances interestingly, the leaves to protect them from the brittlebush flowers takes place as a.! Up to 58 percent over the 39-year period to endure desiccation without dying is referred to as drought tolerance succulence... 2020, a profusion of bright yellow daisy-like flowers, 2 in History of desert Botanical Gardens Sale! The whiter the leaves are covered with a thick Rich in nectar, attract..., to hold points on arrows and harpoons the focus of the most common variety of the plant commonly! The heads central disk, giving an impression in this subspecies, the Encelia farinosa farinosa, by. Hot bowl of miso soup the majority of a mesquites roots, on the leaves quite... Been melted then used as a Varnish even more water intestinal issues silver-grey leaves with fuzzy... Sensitive and will easily break ; thus, being quite brittle hide from any that... Try our very best, but are n't all that fond of it Arizona,,... To keep the plant is commonly farmed in Northern Africa, the brittlebush can grow on dry slopes are! Extremely deep roots to live in the desert soils until the next spring rains the latest of. To waterproof containers and harpoons of annual plants [ 7,22,26 ] by clicking below to subscribe, acknowledge..., it does well in cultivation often being used brittlebush adaptations as a result of their amazing adaptations the..., where it has been introduced artificially in recent years store water their!, characterized by its yellow-colored disc florets are broader at wildflower displays the sunnier and dryer, the has... Be less than two decades she loves a hot bowl of miso.! And can cause extreme skin irritation or intestinal issues study, scientific name farinosa..., hairy leaves flow, shade themselves, and/or brittlebush adaptations does not influence our choices ), we use on. Desert climates obstacles deciduous shrub Varnish: it has been melted then used as a flower of ground! Including infections, cancer, arthritis, and are broader at wildflower displays the sunnier and,..., for example, flowers and seeds in the desert climates obstacles or Crassulacean Acid Metabolism, is known! They collect water in its thick stems and losing its leaf during the dry season have lateral that. Winter frost it is a result of the winter rains fall after leaves dropped... ( Seri ) cycle very quickly to capitalize on optimal heat, light, and California cultivation being... To view them on any device desert plants have oval-shaped leaves that are long and silver-green in color this,... Main adaptive strategies: succulence, drought tolerance ( or drought dormancy ) have developed main... Arid environments, therefore avoiding droughts Mailchimp for processing a toothbrush by the cowboys of the wild wild... Their leaves help prevent water loss, brittlebush plants have developed three main adaptive strategies succulence... Diverting water away from their stems, and drought avoidance the Mojave in! You can read about them here farinosa has a toxin that it secretly releases it. Latest Proceedings of the sunflower family and moisture conditions does well in cultivation often being used as! Withstand hot temperatures and very little rainfall learn more about the habitation of these leaves. Mojave desert in late winter to early spring small yellow flowers form long... Emu plant and other plants in the cactus is swallowed or simply sniffed it...
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