-George Eastman Obamas appearances in both the primaries and the general election drew impressive crowds, and his message of hope and changeembodied by the slogan Yes We Caninspired thousands of new voters, many young and Black, to cast their vote for the first time in the historic election. Ray later recanted his confession, and despite several inquiries into the matter by the U.S. government, many continued to believe that the speedy trial had been a cover-up for a larger conspiracy. The laws gave African Americans land or farms. Harris, whose mother immigrated to the United States from India and whose father immigrated from Jamaica, was the first person of African or Asian descent to become a major partys vice presidential candidateand the first to win the office. Their only hope, according to him, was to flee America and return to Africa to build a country of their own. B) After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. A.The gettysburg Adress . The laws gave African Americans land for farms. Many labored under unsafe conditions. . Meanwhile, the boycott stretched on for more than a year, and the bus company struggled to avoid bankruptcy. Commanded by Brigadier General Alfred H. Terry, Custer's division was part of an expedition [mission] intended to locate and rout [defeat] tribes organized for resistance under Chief Sitting Bull. Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers? -J.P. Morgan Three days later, two white menthe womans husband, Roy Bryant, and his half-brother, J.W. Frustrated Black servicemen were forced to combat racism even as they sought to further U.S. war aims; this became known as the Double V strategy, for the two victories they sought to win. Some cowhands dreamed of setting aside enough money to start a herd of their own. Pan-Africanist ideas first began to circulate in the mid-19th century in the United States, led by Africans from the Western Hemisphere. He was reelected in 2012. The brutal scene was captured on television, enraging many Americans and drawing civil rights and religious leaders of all faiths to Selma in protest. At its conclusion, King quoted an old Negro spiritual: Free at last! Their growing influence greatly dismayed many white southerners, who felt control slipping ever further away from them. The one was to consider myself as a manufacturer of dry plates and to perfect them as an end in itself. I had decided that I would have to know once and for all what rights I had as a human being and a citizen.. Lasting roughly from the 1910s through the mid-1930s, the period is read more, The New York City neighborhood of Harlem was the center of a cultural explosionfrom late 1910s through the mid-1930s. Maybe I shall find them among the dead. His trial brought national attention to the organization, which at its peak in the late 1960s boasted some 2,000 members. In 1971, Jackson founded PUSH, or People United to Save Humanity (later changed to People United to Serve Humanity), an organization that advocated self-reliance for African Americans and sought to establish racial parity in the business and financial community. 2. Draw a line under the subject. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. From Abigail Adams imploring her husband to remember the ladies when envisioning a government for the American colonies, to suffragists like Susan B. Anthonyand Elizabeth Cady Stanton read more, Segregation is the practice of requiring separate housing, education and other services for people of color. More than 20,000 women and men in the ILGWU walked off their jobs in 1909. Floyd had been accused of using a counterfeit $20 bill at a local deli in Minneapolis. What caused many boomtowns to turn into ghost towns? (1 point) A) During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. The Voting Rights Act sought to overcome the legal barriers that still existed at the state and local levels preventing Black citizens from exercising the right to vote given them by the 15th Amendment. After the American Revolution, many colonists (particularly in the North, where slavery was relatively unimportant to the economy) began to link the oppression of enslaved Africans to their own oppression by the British. the defeat of American Indian peoples by United States troops. to encourage American Indians to become farmers. In the mid-1960s, 70 African Americans were serving as elected officials in the South, while by the turn of the century there were some 5,000. The laws allowed African Americans to be arrested unfairly. Du Bois, for one, railed against Van Vechtens novel and criticized works by Black writers, such as McKays novel Home to Harlem, that he saw as reinforcing negative stereotypes of Black people. The Southern Pacific Railroad contributed to the growth of cities including San Francisco and Los Angeles. One of the most influential individuals in entertainment and the first Black female billionaire, Winfrey is also an active philanthropist, giving generously to Black South Africans and to the historically Black Morehouse College, among other causes. Though President Abraham Lincolns antislavery views were well established, and his election as the nations first Republican president had been the catalyst that pushed the first southern states to secede in late 1860, the Civil War at its outset was not a war to abolish slavery. . C - yes The Tuskegee Airmen saw combat against German and Italian troops, flew more than 3,000 missions, and served as a great source of pride for many Black Americans. According to the Court, Congress had no constitutional power to deprive persons of their property rights when dealing with enslaved people in the territories. B. Between 1860 and 1890, the miles of railroad track interlacing the U.S. increased ninefoldfrom 30,000 miles to 270,000 miles, and the population leapt from 31,000,000 to over 76,000,000 . Originally intended to extend federal protection to civil rights workers, it was later expanded to address racial discrimination in the sale, rental or financing of housing units. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the success of the long-running sitcom The Cosby Showfeaturing popular comedian Bill Cosby as the doctor patriarch of a close-knit middle-class African American familyhelped redefine the image of Black characters on mainstream American television. A.Antietam a new treaty agreement that relocated the Plains Indians to reservations in Oklahoma. An enslaved family picking cotton in the fields near Savannah, circa 1860s. C.Emancipation Proclamation Why would it be important for railroads to use strong management techniques? Parks refused and was arrested for violating the citys racial segregation ordinances, which mandated that Black passengers sit in the back of public buses and give up their seats for white riders if the front seats were full. Though the verdict was hailed as a major civil rights victoryit was the first time anyone in Mississippi had been convicted for a crime against a civil rights workerthe judge in the case gave out relatively light sentences, and none of the convicted men served more than six years behind bars. In 1962, however, a crisis erupted when the state-funded University of Mississippi (known as Ole Miss) admitted a Black man, James Meredith. Building rail lines created thousands of jobs. Ranching is common in temperate, dry areas, such as the Pampas region of South . During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. As chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1989 to 1993the first African American to hold that positionthe Vietnam veteran and fourstar U.S. Army general Colin Powell played an integral role in planning and executing the first Persian Gulf War under President George H.W. After Malcolms death, his bestselling book The Autobiography of Malcolm X popularized his ideas, particularly among Black youth, and laid the foundation for the Black Power movement of the late 1960s and 1970s. Production was limited, however, by the laborious process of removing the seeds from raw cotton fibers, which had to be completed by hand. In subsequent decisions over the next decades, the Court limited the scope of affirmative action programs, while several U.S. states prohibited racially based affirmative action. After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work What factor most likely caused a decline in Grange membership? a)It reveals the way the Emancipation Proclamation improved Americans' lives for years, just like the way sun casts light on the dark, A) During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. These hard workers rode alongside the huge herds in good and bad weather. B.joyful How is the poem an analogy? D.only in the north US under Union control The act encouraged American Indians to become farmers. The wars first African American hero emerged from the attack on Pearl Harbor, when Dorie Miller, a young Navy steward on the U.S.S. While much of the South rejoiced, seeing the verdict as a clear victory, antislavery northerners were furious. Ranching is the practice of raising herds of animals on large tracts of land. Groups of Lakota left reservations after the banning of the Ghost Dance, and soldiers killed many of them at Wounded Knee. Lincoln sought first and foremost to preserve the Union, and he knew that few people even in the Northlet alone the border slave states still loyal to Washingtonwould have supported a war against slavery in 1861. READ MORE: How a New Deal Housing Program Enforced Segregation. West Virginia, carried wounded crew members to safety and manned a machine gun post, shooting down several Japanese planes. I am tired of fighting . to the end [result] that oppression, injustice, and poverty shall eventually cease in the land. B. Many western territories began to apply for statehood between the 1860s and 1900. After Allan Bakke, a white California man, applied twice without success, he sued U.C. (1 point) A) During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. Impatient with the leniency shown toward the former Confederate states by Andrew Johnson, who became president after Lincolns assassination in April 1865, so-called Radical Republicans in Congress overrode Johnsons veto and passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867, which basically placed the South under martial law. After withstanding a tight Democratic primary battle with Hillary Clinton, the New York senator and former first lady, Obama defeated Senator John McCain of Arizona in the general election that November. In the passage Gompers explains the need for. Also in 1793, Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act, which made it a federal crime to assist an enslaved person trying to escape. The Black Lives Matter movement gained renewed attention on September 25, 2016, when San Francisco 49ers players Eric Reid, Eli Harold, and quarterback Colin Kaepernick kneeled during the national anthem before the game against the Seattle Seahawks to draw attention to recent acts of police brutality. Based on information in the graph, what was one factor in the 1894 Pullman Strike? In 1926, a controversial bestseller about Harlem life by the white novelist Carl von Vechten exemplified the attitude of many white urban sophisticates, who looked to Black culture as a window into a more primitive and vital way of life. W.E.B. Police cars were set on fire and officers released tear gas to disperse crowds. Du Bois met at Niagara Falls, Canada, sparking a new political protest movement to demand civil rights for Black people in the old spirit of abolitionism. Walker, who was the first U.S. woman to become a self-made millionaire; George Washington Carver, who derived nearly 300 products from the peanut; Rosa read more, Womens history is full of trailblazers in the fight for equality in the United States. According to the schools \underline{\text{}}monthly newsletter, an open meeting of the debate club is held \underline{\text{}}monthly. D. On December 1, 1955, an African American woman named Rosa Parks was riding a city bus in Montgomery, Alabama when the driver told her to give up her seat to a white man. Disintegration of family structures in the African-American community has been a persistent problem for far too long. Antislavery northernersmany of them free Black peoplehad begun helping enslaved people escape from southern plantations to the North via a loose network of safe houses as early as the 1780s called the Underground Railroad. The case eventually made its way to the Supreme Court, where a majority of members decided on June 12, 1967, that laws banning interracial marriage were unconstitutional. Robinson played his first game with the Dodgers on April 15, 1947; he led the National League in stolen bases that season, earning Rookie of the Year honors. Specifically, it banned literacy tests as a requirement for voting, mandated federal oversight of voter registration in areas where tests had previously been used and gave the U.S. attorney general the duty of challenging the use of poll taxes for state and local elections. The laws provided African Americans with voting rights. C. The laws provided African Americans with voting rights. A? How did George Westinghouse contribute to railroad transportation? "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. The years immediately following the construction of the transcontinental railroad were years of astounding growth for the United States. Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers? 2. Most were middle or upper class. It would also, organizers believed, disprove some of the stereotypical negative images of Black men that existed in American society. What negative impact did gold and silver mining have in the West? B)opened weapons factories. Though the lofty ideals of the Revolutionary era invigorated the movement, by the late 1780s it was in decline, as the growing southern cotton industry made slavery an ever more vital part of the national economy. Which idea does this passage express? Among the prominent figures are Madam C.J. It was left to Lyndon Johnson (not previously known for his support of civil rights) to push the Civil Rights Actthe most far-reaching act of legislation supporting racial equality in American historythrough Congress in June 1964. He decided against running, but soon became a prominent fixture in the Republican Party. In early 1831, Turner took a solar eclipse as a sign that the time for revolution was near, and on the night of August 21, he and a small band of followers killed his owners, the Travis family, and set off toward the town of Jerusalem, where they planned to capture an armory and gather more recruits. Bush. As Americas exploding urban population faced shortages of employment and housing, violent hostility towards Black people had increased around the country; lynching, though illegal, was a widespread practice. Because African Americans made up some 70 percent of the bus companys riders at the time, and the great majority of Montgomerys Black citizens supported the bus boycott, its impact was immediate. In August 1955, a 14-year-old black boy from Chicago named Emmett Till had recently arrived in Money, Mississippi to visit relatives. The following year, the 14th Amendment broadened the definition of citizenship, granting "equal protection of the Constitution to people who had been enslaved. African. There is a well-documented, persistent, and growing racial wealth gap between African American families and white families in the United States. Despite Martin Luther King Jr.s inspiring words at the Lincoln Memorial during the historic March on Washington in August 1963, violence against Black people in the segregated South continued to indicate the strength of white resistance to the ideals of justice and racial harmony King espoused. During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. Ghost towns were left behind after the mines stopped producing. Though the Union victory in the Civil War gave some 4 million enslaved people their freedom, significant challenges awaited during the Reconstruction period. After nine years in the Air Force, Meredith had studied at the allBlack Jackson State College and applied repeatedly to Ole Miss with no success. -Terence Powderly, President of the Knights of Labor The ILGWU was notable because it was. He was a leading voice for Black Americans during the early 1980s, urging them to be more politically active and heading up a voter registration drive that led to the election of Harold Washington as the first Black mayor of Chicago in 1983. What event in the history of the West in the late 1800s prompted Chief Joseph to give his famous speech? In September, under pressure from CORE and other civil rights organizations, as well as from the attorney generals office, the Interstate Commerce Commission ruled that all passengers on interstate bus carriers should be seated without regard to race and carriers could not mandate segregated terminals. 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