It increases employee turnover. Definition: The Theory X and Theory Y are the theories of motivation given by Douglas McGregor in 1960's. These theories are based on the premise that management has to assemble all the factors of production, including human beings, to get the work done. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website and provide a relevant marketing for you. There is often a central authority base and managers follow an authoritative leadership style. Aliyah, a senior public relations manager, follows McGregor's Theory Y approach to management so she maintains a low level of control and supervision over her employees. Employees under this theory are self-motivated and enjoy ownership of work. The managers of Sweet Treats & Eats Baker believe that the average person will avoid work when possible. Employees self-confidence may be impeded if they are punished publicly. Students are not motivated to learn new information. Employees prefer making decisions themselves and also solving problems creatively. It increases communication between managers and employees. 4. 1. by offering flextime to all employees 5. involvement, According to Herzberg's theory, the presence of which of the following factors is likely to motivate employees though their absence may not result in dissatisfaction? 3. ________ states that motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it. It is possible to observe a strong interdependence between Theory Y and enabling leadership, an attractive corporate culture for people and teams that relate to each other with trust and respect. Physical and mental tiredness during work is a natural phenomenon. This book describes the development of two new theories X and Y. Each employee has a specific task to accomplish on the assembly line. Required fields are marked *. People will use work to satisfy their lower needs and seek to satisfy their higher needs during their leisure time. We can cite A Theory of Human Motivation, published by Abraham Maslow in 1952 and popularized Maslows Pyramid of Hierarchies. Since the layoff, Giovanni has shifted his focus to finding a new source of income. He instills fear among employees by threatening to cancel bonuses if deadlines are not met. An authoritative management style can hamper employee learning, building, and development. 3. the equity theory. 1. supervision IvyPanda. Managers assume that employee demotivation can be solved through a decentralized method in which collaboration, trust, and team relationships are enhanced. Which management theory does Freedom Clothing follow? B. the humanistic view of management. 1. 3. 5. challenging employees. B. the humanistic view of management. Most people are gullible and unintelligent. According to Maslow, humans first devote all their efforts to satisfying ________ needs until they are met. The instructor is responsible for actively sharing their knowledge with the students. This enables them to modify their leadership style accordingly and create systems that motivate their workers. Hygiene factors of the two-factor theory Implications of McGregor's Theory on Teaching Method The theory x teacher will use the carrot and stick approach to motivation because he believes that the potentials of students are static . McGregor and Maslow hierarchy. Douglas McGregor work is established in motivation theory. Motivation occurs only at the physiological and security levels of Maslows hierarchy of needs. McGregors X and Y Theories are contrasting theories that depict two different aspects of human behavior at work. They led to the belief that nothing will motivate workers who This theory contradicts Theory X; in this approach, managers believe that control does not motivate employees. Employees under this theory seek responsibility as motivational drivers. Educators who believe in Theory X would agree with the following statements: Educators who believe in Theory Y would have different assumptions: While it may seem like McGregors Theories of X and Y are outdated, they can actually still be applied in many business settings today. His ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people: McGregor's ideas significantly relate to the modern understanding ofthe Psychological Contract, which provides many ways to appreciate the unhelpful nature of X-Theory leadership and the useful constructive beneficial nature of Y-Theory leadership. Ideal for all companies Motivation Therefore, not only can leadership style be situational, but so can motivation. The two theories refer to two styles of managementauthoritarian (Theory X) and participative (Theory Y). 2. According to the classical theory of motivation, intrinsic reward is the sole motivator for workers. 4. likely to increase overhead costs for businesses. 4. 3. 5. about Agile HR and how you can foster that. These cookies do not store any personal information. May 11, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. 3. According to Herzberg (1987) managers can eliminate the dissatisfaction among the employee by applying the motivation factors of two factor theory as follow: Fix poor and obstructive company policies. 1. job sharing. Most people find happiness in hard work under the right conditions. Malachi is a manager at a home goods store. 3. job enhancement This demonstrates Olivia's morale. 5. The next part of McGregors theory is Theory Y. Managers who practice Theory X have a strong inclination towards systems that favor command and control, authoritarianism, micromanagement, and high degrees of supervision to ensure that people do what needs to be done. McClelland's need for achievement underlies Maslow's self-actualization. 4. In managing his employees, he is most likely to: Operant conditioning Theory X and Theory Y describe two very different attitudes toward workforce motivation. Douglas McGregor wrote about Theory X and Theory Y In the late 1950s and early 1960s. The theory overgeneralizes how an employee behaves in a work environment. After employing a particular theory, monitor its performance. Drawing on Maslows hierarchy of needs, McGregor argues that a need, once satisfied, no longer motivates. C)Herzberg's hygiene factors. Employees are belonging to theory X who hate work and have to be motivated or pushed to work. Commitment to objectives is a function of rewards associated with their achievement. While McGregors theory was developed to improve motivation in the workplace, it has been recently used in the school system. 4. working condition 5. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/, IvyPanda. Most of the people may fall in between these two extremes of human behaviour. "Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory." The healthcare industry also requires leaders and that is why we have a Nursing-officer-in charge or an in-charge physician in all healthcare centers. 1. Typically characteristics of an X-Theory manager are most or all of these: Working for an X-theory boss isn't easy - some extreme X-Theory managers make extremely unpleasant managers, but there are ways of managing these people upwards. professional specifically for you? C. a Theory Z manager according to Ouchi. McGregor's Theory Y McGregors Theories allow managers to better understand their employees. Job rotation His theory is based on managerial views of human beings. And how does Management 3.0 come into play? Because our behavior tends to be consistent with our assumptions, attempts to influence others often reveal some indications, often subtle and not necessarily noticeable or aware, that those assumptions are. McGregor has ignored this aspect of human behaviour. Pink and Maslow are well known, and so isDouglas Murray McGregors Theory X and Y, and thats what we want to dig into today. B. the humanistic view of management.C. He focused on employee's basic needs during the formulation of Theory X whereas during the making of Theory Y, higher needs from the hierarchy of needs model were utilized. McGregor's Theory X corresponds to: A. the traditional view of management. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. E)the equity theory. McGregor's XY Theory remains central to organisational development, and to improving organisational culture. As a result, the only way that employees can attempt to meethigher-level needs at work is to seek more compensation, so, predictably, they focus on monetary rewards. 1. According to Herzberg's theory, which of the following is a 3. uses workstations and facilities better by staggering employee use. 3. a compressed workweek. Herzberg's motivational factors. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. From these studies he constructed a model of management attitudes, and from this model demonstrated that managers, wittingly or unwittingly, strongly dictated the type and attitude of workers in their employ. (2022) 'Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory'. McGregor's 1960 book, . Aliyah is likely to assume that: Managers have many assumptions about their employees in Theory X: Many of these assumptions are based on basic physical needs. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business Curiously titled Theory X Theory Y, his theory outlines two opposing views on human behavior in the workplace. Theory X and Y, first published in the book The Human Side of Enterprise from 1960 (ok, definitely, work motivation is not something new) which brought as a provocation the question: What are your assumptions (implicit as well as explicit) about the most effective way to manage people?. Employees must be present from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. and complete an eight-hour day, but other than that, employees have the flexibility to choose their start and stop times. Employees are belonging to theory X who hate work and have to be motivated or pushed to work. Businessballs Ltd assumes no responsibility for any errors or damages arising as a result of use. candidate's answer in order to merit the assigned marks. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. 5. physiological needs, Aaron has satisfied his physiological needs as well as his security needs. To McGregor, a steady supply of motivation seemed more likely to occur underTheory Y management. the equity theory. 5. a system that allows employees to choose to work part of a week from home. W. L. Gore Company's Empowerment and Theory X and Y, The Influence of Specific Job Characteristics on the Behaviors of Workers in UAE, Hiring Employees: Modern Recruitment Practices to Consider, Employee Sharing: Problems Inhibiting Business Success. When workers are motivated they tend towards higher productivity in that they will produce more for a given level of resources than poorly motivated workers will. D. Herz berg's motivational factors. The higher-level needs of esteem and self-actualization are ongoingneeds that, for most people, are never completely satisfied. McGregor makes the point that a command-and-control environment is not effective because it relies on lower needs for motivation, but in modern society those needs are mostly satisfied and thus are no longer motivating. The idea behind using letters X and Y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness associated with these theories. What was the ultimate result of the Hawthorne studies? It increases security concerns. Cite a theory of human behaviour with their achievement a decentralized method in which collaboration trust! Or an in-charge physician in all healthcare centers he instills fear among employees by threatening to cancel bonuses if are! Theories allow managers to better understand their employees of McGregors theory is based on managerial views human! The students relationships are enhanced is based on managerial views of human motivation published! 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